1. Introduction 
The basic objective of this project is to include the common features of metro train such as:
LCD display,
Opening and closing of doors with a buzzer,
Driving of dc motors
with the help of interfacing all of them with AT89C51 microcontroller.
A toy car be used in this project which has two DC motors. One can be used for opening and closing the door and other can be used for moving the car forward.


2. The Need 
Delhi, the National Capital with a population of about 12 million is, perhaps, the only city of its size in the world, which depends almost entirely on buses on it sole mode of mass transport.bus services are inadequate and heavily over-crowded.. The result of extreme congestion on the road, ever slowing speeds, increasing accident rate, fuel wastage and environmental pollution. Delhi has now become the fourth most city in the world, with automobiles contributing more than two thirds of the total atmospheric pollution. Pollution related health problems are reaching disconcerting levels.
Immediate steps are, therefore, needed to improve both the quality and availability of mass transport service. This is possible only if a rail-based mass transit system, which is non-polluting, is introduced in the city without further delay.

3. Power Supply System

3.1 Power supply circuit is attached.

The power supply consists of ac voltage transformer, diode rectifier, ripple filter, and voltage regulator. The description of the components is shown below.

3.2 Circuit operation:
In circuit operation, when the voltage generated by the transformer is higher than the capacitor voltage, the current flows through the diode charging the capacitors. At the same time, the load resistor drains current from the capacitors. When the amount of draining matches with the charging current, the voltage is stabilized. A sudden increase in load current will decrease the voltage across the capacitor. It will also increase the time period during which the diodes conduct, hence, the ripple.




4. Project Methodology

4.1 Components:

Component Name Quantity
1. Power Supply Sectionplug with wire 1
Step down transformer (230v/12v a.c) 1
1N4007 diodes 4
LM7809 1
LM7805 1
100 µF 1
ON/OFF switch 1
Red LED 1
1K Resistor 1
2. Microcontroller SectionMicrocontroller IC (AT89C51) with base 1
Crystal Oscillator (11.0592 MHz) 1
Capacitor (30pF) 2
Capacitor (10µF) 1
Resistor (8.2K) 1 LCD Connector 1
3. Buzzer 1
4. LCD(16x2) 1
5. Load Driver (L293D) with base 1
6. A Car (toy-driven by a DC motor) 1 7. General Purpose Card 4
8. Single Core Connecting Wires
9. Reset Switch (Push-on) 1
10. Old and Rough CD drive for making Door System 1
(We are to use only motor and Pulley system for door)

4.2 Softwares used:

1. Keil µVision3.
2. Top-View Simulator

4.3 Equipments used:

1. Soldering iron, solder, flux.
2. Hex Blade



4.4 Procedure of building the Prototype of Metro Train

Step 1: Circuit diagram of the proposed system is designed and finalized.
Step 2: All the components and software platform to be used are selected which
are also mentioned above.
Step 3: All the hardware components are soldered on their respective printed
circuit boards with the help of soldering ion, solder and flux according to
the hardware schematic shown in the Figure
Step 5: Code/program of the proposed system can be developed using assembly
Language or C language with the help of software platform (Keil µvision3).
Step 6: The hex code of the program being created by the software platform is
burnt into the flash code memory of our microcontroller IC 89C51.
Step 7: Testing is done at various levels to finalize the appropriate program for
the most proper working of the system.



4.5 General Working 


When the power is turned on a message (“welcome to metro”) is displayed on LCD. Then a message “Current station is xx” is displayed and door is opened also. A buzzer is also turned on when door opens. After some delay the door is closed and car is started to move forward. A message “current station xx” is displayed also on LCD. After some delay a message “next station is yy” is displayed. After some time the train stops and a message “ current station is yy” is displayed. This process is continued for a number of stations. In the end a message “End of line” is displayed on LCD. This whole process is repeated until we turned off the power supply.

5. Advantages of metro train

Economic Benefits
Metro train benefits to the economy by the way of:
• Time saving for commuters
• Reliable and safe journey
• Reduction in atmospheric pollution
• Reduction in accident
• Reduced fuel consumption
• Reduced vehicle operating costs
• Increase in the average speed of road vehicles
• Improvement in the quality of life
• More attractive city for economic investment and growth

C Code For Project:

Click Here For seeing a Code

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